il saccheggio in mancanza di risorse nettarifere

Le risorse nettarifere: non é tutto oro quel che luccica

Oggi un altro argomento a cui tengo molto e sono sicura vale lo stesso per te: l’importanza di seguire la stagionalitá e di lasciare risorse nettarifere variegate alle api.

Ma prima di iniziare, mi andava di condividere con te un mio ricordo. Un anno fa, proprio appena prima del mio periodo di clausura (uno smartworking di 9 mesi), ero stata in Italia per il compleanno del mio papá, il 15 ottobre. Quando andiamo in Italia, di solito andiamo in macchina. Anche se sono millemila ore, la troviamo ancora comoda. Durante il viaggio, mi piace guardare i paesaggi intorno. Mi fa sorridere il passare dalle distese di luppolo tedesche, ai meleti del trentino e ai vigneti delle mie zone. E proprio un anno fa, nel nostro viaggio verso Bergamo, quando eravamo piú o meno in Baviera, ho visto enormi distese gialle. Prati di un bellissimo giallo lucente. Campi pieni di una colza brillante. Una tra le risorse nettarifere piú amate dalle api tra l’altro. „wow! guarda Bastiiii, che bel giallo!“. „Beh non é una cosa tanto bella sai?“. „Ah!“ entusiasmo spento in meno di zero.

Ok, ora prima di andare avanti, vorrei che provi a darti una spiegazione. Perché Basti ha risposto cosí? Che c’é di male?

Quando non dovremmo gioire delle risorse nettarifere?

Hai mai sentito di un campo di colza in fiore in Ottobre? Qua poi che fa un freddo becco man mano ci si avvicina all’inverno e c’é un’escursione termica giornaliera impressionante (soprattutto per i miei gusti italiani)? Le api non sanno che stagione é. Se c’é una giornatina con un bel teporino (perche comunque, anche qua esiste il sole ogni tanto) ed escono e si trovano un’immensa distesa di fiori, vanno in totale confusione, iniziano a bottinare come delle matte e a dare die segnali all’alveare di ‘ehi raga bella storia é gia primavera!’. Insomma se fossi un’ape e ti trovassi con distese di risorse nettarifere, non ti ci butteresti al volo? Ma cosí facendo, molto probabilmente se sei tra le ultime bottinatrici ancora fuori nel tardo pomeriggio, quando l’aria inizia a diventare freschina, non sarai in grado di tornare alla base perché morirai prima per il freddo.

Ma allora perché quei prati di colza in autunno?

Molti agricoltori hanno ricevuto e ricevono dei sussidi europei e/o nazionali, in cambio di utilizzare una parte del loro terreno per le api. Una sorta di premio per essere bee-friendly. L’idea di per sé é anche molto carina, un modo come un altro per incentivare chi ha terreno nel supportare le api e seminare preziose risorse nettarifere. Tuttavia, molti decidono di sfruttare i loro campi finche possono con le colture di cui avevano bisogno. Poi una volta che non se ne fanno piú niente, ci piantano qualcosa che possa essere apprezzato dalle api. Cosí sono apposto! E cosí ci ritroviamo prati di colza a ottobre. La colza che é quella che di solito fiorisce in piena primavera. Capisci che c’é decisamente qualcosa che non va?

Le risorse nettarifere nel nostro paesino
Il viale di ciliegi circondati dai campi di colza nel nostro paesino – Primavera 2021

SOS risorse nettarifere: variegate e essenziali, ma mai a sproposito

Dove fino all’inizio del secolo scorso si estendevano grandi foreste o immense distese di verde e di piante, oggi troviamo nella maggior parte die casi uno scenario completamente diverso. Soprattutto con l’avvento del boom economico, dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, si é iniziato a costruire di piú e a sfruttare intensivamente i terreni con monoculture. E qui anche quel sorriso per i luppoli, i meleti e i vigneti si fa un po’ amaro. Per ogni immensa distesa di monoculture ce ne vorrebbero altrettante piene di infinite varietá di piante e fiori. Perché? Per garantire quante piú risorse nettarifere diverse agli impollinatori. Variegate e allocate in modo omogeneo durante l’anno. Per capirci meglio: i meli sono assolutamente bee-friendly, le api li adorono. Ma sono in fiore in primavera, qualche settimana…e poi? Se le api si trovano in una zona con principalmente un’immensa distesa di una sola coltura, come possono sopravvivere?


Tuttavia, c’é qualcosa di bello in tutto ció, sai?? sí perché tu nel tuo piccolo puoi fare veramente molto, piantando ad esempio piante bee-friendly o sensibilizzando l’amministrazione del tuo paese in tale direzione. Oppure ancora acquistando frutta e verdura, da piccoli produttori locali in parallelo a un po’ di sana autoproduzione. E adesso dicci un po’tu: ci sono molte monoculture delle tue parti? Hai qualche pianta bee-friendly sul terrazzo o in giardino? 🙂

Un abbraccio,

i Gaeblini

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