Die erste Inspektion der bienenbeuten: was ist zu tun?

Bist du bereit? Heute werde ich euch mehr über die erste Inspektion des Jahres in den Bienenbeuten erzählen. Ja, es ist nicht genug die Bienenbeuten zu kaufen und an einem geeigneten Platz aufzustellen. Du musst die Bienenbeuten auch inspizieren, denn du musst kontrollieren – wie oft ist abhängig von der Jahreszeit – wie die generelle Situation ist und wie es den Bienen geht. Die erste Inspektion des Jahres ist besonders wichtig. Möchtest du mehr über das Wann, Wie und vor allem Warum herausfinden? Lies einfach weiter. 🙂

Wann sollte die erste Inspektion des Jahres der Bienenbeuten erfolgen?

Lass uns mit dem ersten Detail beginnen: ok die erste Inspektion, aber wann genau? Wie kann ich erkennen, dass es der richtige Moment ist? Wann kann ich beginnen ohne Schaden anzurichten?

Natürlich gibt es kein festes Datum oder einen bestimmten Moment. Genaugenommen ist es von Region zu Region und von Jahr zu Jahr unterschiedlich. Generell kann man sagen, dass die erste Inspektion erfolgen kann, wenn die kälteren Tage weniger und weniger werden.

Für uns hier in Sachsen zum Beispiel erfolgt die erste Inspektion meist Anfang bis Mitte März. Zu aller erst musst du auf die Temperaturen achten. Beachte, dass du beim öffnen der Bienenbeute die Anstrengungen zum erhalt der internen Temperatur und des Überlebens der hart-arbeitenden Bienen nicht verdirbst. Ein anderes Detail an dem Basti versteht, dass der richtige Zeitpunkt gekommen ist, ist wenn er die Bienen an unserem kleinen Teich (ich habe ihn in meinem letzten Artikel kurz vorgestellt: https://www.gaeblini.com/de/2021/04/04/bienenbeuten-wo-sollten-sie-aufgestellt-werden/ ) Wasser holen sieht. Wenn Bienen anfangen Wasser zu sammeln ist es ein Zeichen dafür, dass Sie in Brut gegangen sind und den Winter als offiziell beendet ansehen. Dies ist ein weiteres Detail über Imkerei, dass so einfach wie auch besonders ist: wenn die Bienen Wasser holen, rennen sie wie die verrückten in ihrer Beute umher.

Ok! Wir wissen Wann wir beginnen können, lass uns nun etwas eher praktischerem zuwenden: Wie!

Wie können wir die erste Inspektion der Bienenbeuten durchführen?

So wie zum Beispiel die Beuten der Gäblinis aufgebaut sind, können wir sie von oben beobachten. Dafür nehmen wir den Deckel der Beinenbeuten vorsichtig ab. Wichtig ist: die Waben auf denen die Bienen sitzen nicht zu bewegen, da sie sich noch immer in einer Gruppe zusammen sitzend befinden. Diese Gruppe in der Form einer Kugel, bilden die Beinen noch vor dem Winter.

Im Winter bestehen unsere Bienenbeuten aus zwei Boxen (zwei Bruträumen). Also beginnt man in der oberen oder wenn die erste leer ist (ich: „LEER???“, Basti: „Ja Ja, das kann sein. Keine Sorge!“), kontrollierst du die darunter liegende. Das Wichtigste in diesem Moment ist was du kontrollierst, das ist eine gute Frage: du kontrollierst, aber was genau kontrollierst du? Welche Details solltest du hauptsächlich beachten? Was solltest du von dieser Inspektion erwarten?

Ja, genau… was kontrollieren wir?

Wir Kontrollieren um…?

…zu erkennen ob die Bienen genug Futter haben!

Es ist immens wichtig, dass die Bienen genug Futter haben wenn sie in Brut gehen. Ein interessanter Fakt: Es ist möglich das es noch Futter in der Bienenbeute gibt, dieser für die Bienen aber nicht erreichbar ist.

Ich: Sorry, erzählst du mir das, zum Beispiel, in der darüber liegenden Wabe Futter ist aber die Bienen es nicht anrühren?

Basti: Genau!

Basti während einer Inspektion
Basti während einer Inspektion

Aufgrund der Fragezeichen in meinem Gesicht hat er es versucht einfacher zu erklären: Stell dir die Bienenbeute als ein Haus mit sehr vielen vollen Kühlschränken(Waben) vor, während draußen alle Supermärkte geschlossen sind. Die Bienen fressen, im Winter und ohne Brut, vom nächstgelegenen Kühlschrank. Wenn dieser leer ist wandern sie zum nächsten, dabei bleiben sie einander so nah wie möglich. Bedenke, dass Bienen keinen Winterschlaf halten, allerdings bleiben sie eng beieinander (in dieser Kugelform) um sich zu wärmen. Deshalb brauchen sie viel Futter! Den ganzen Winter lang bleiben sie sehr nah beieinander und wandern zusammen von Wabe zu Wabe. Von dem Moment an in dem sie in Brut gehen hören sie auf zu wandern. Die Bienen sind noch nicht so viele, es ist noch nicht warm genug (besonders in den Nächten, oder der Frühlingsstart kann ein Fehlalarm sein) und die Brut, deren Pflege und sie warm zu halten wird zur Priorität. Paradox daran ist, dass die Bienen das Futter, welches sich vielleicht nur wenige Waben entfernt befindet, nicht mehr beachten. Die Brut Warm zu halten hat für sie eine höhere Priorität als zu fressen.

Weißt du jetzt, nach dieser kleinen Erklärung, was wir kontrollieren?

Es ist wichtig zu erkennen wo sich die Brut befindet und zu kontrollieren ob sich in den angrenzenden Waben genug Futter befindet. Du kannst die Waben, neben denen mit Bienen, herausnehmen um zu kontrollieren ob sich darin genug Futter befindet. Wenn nicht, kannst du sie mit vollen Futterwaben austauschen, um es für die Bienen erreichbar zu machen.

Ich: Warte, ich habe eine Frage: wenn die Bienenkönigin angefangen hat Eier zu legen, wäre es dann nicht gut auch ein paar leere Waben hinzuzufügen? Damit sie mehr Platz hat?

Basti: Nein nein, es sind noch zu wenige Bienen. Sie müssen zusammen bleiben um die richtige Temperatur zu halten. Es ist zu früh um weitere Waben hinzuzufügen.

Was wenn alle Waben leer sind? Ist es möglich das keine Waben mit Futter mehr vorhanden sind? Wenn man unser Bienenbeuten betrachtet sieht man wir haben 22 Waben in jeder Beute. Wir sorgen dafür, dass diese noch vor dem Winter alle mit Futter, bestehend aus dem letzten Honig der Bienen oder einer Zucker&Wasser Mischung gefüllt sind.

Die Bienen verbrauchen diese 22 Waben mit Sicherheit nicht und somit finden wir immer noch einige welche mit Futter gefüllt sind um sie näher an die Bienen zu bringen. Für den ungünstigsten Fall haben wir allerdings auch noch Futterwaben als Ersatz.

Eine kleine Zusammenfassung?

Also stellst du bei der allerersten Inspektion sicher dass:

  • die Bienen alle beieinander sind. Nicht hier und dort, stattdessen sollten sie auf drei bis fünf Waben zu finden sein. Unnötig zu erwähnen das jede Bienenbeute nur eine Bienengruppe haben sollte, weil sich in jeder Beute nur eine Königinn befindet und alle anderen Bienen nah bei ihr bleiben.
  • es den Bienen gut geht
  • sie in Brut sind
  • das Futter für sie erreichbar ist

Eine traurige Geschichte kann sein, dass die Bienenbeute die du öffnest komplett leer ist. Was du in diesem Fall tun kannst? Wichtig ist die Beute sicher zu schließen noch bevor die Bienen starten einander auszuräubern. Was räubern bedeutet fragst du? Nun es bedeutet, dass Bienen aus anderen Beuten versuchen werden den Honig, aus der leeren Bienenbeute, zu stehlen. Dies ist schlecht, bedeutet es doch, dass aus Gier die Bienen unterschiedlicher Beuten einander bekriegen und auch töten.

Der Kern der ersten Inspektion ist zu kontrollieren ob die Bienen den Winter überlebt haben, stell sicher das es ihnen gut geht und das sie ohne Probleme weiter machen können.

Und dies war nur die erste Inspektion 🙂 hast du erkennen können wie Wichtig sie ist?? Erzähle uns was für dich in diesem Artikel besonders interessant war!

Wir werden dich auch über die nächsten Inspektionen informieren!

fühl dich gedrückt,

Die Gäblini

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